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Gynaecological disorders affect the normal functioning of a woman’s reproductive system, including the uterus, ovaries, fallopian tubes, vagina, vulva and breasts. These conditions are common and can significantly impact a woman’s health and quality of life. Here’s a look at some of the most common gynaecological conditions and the treatments available to manage them.

Common gynaecological conditions

Menstrual irregularities: Heavy periods, painful cramps, or irregular cycles can disturb daily life. Treatments include hormonal therapies, pain relief medications, and surgical options like endometrial ablation for severe cases.

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS): PCOS is a hormonal condition that can cause irregular periods, weight gain, and infertility. Lifestyle changes, hormonal medications and ovulation induction treatments help manage the condition effectively.

Endometriosis: This condition involves tissue similar to the uterine lining growing outside the uterus. It causes pain and potential fertility issues. Hormonal therapies, pain management strategies and laparoscopic surgery are common treatment options.

Fibroids (uterine myomas): Fibroids are non-cancerous growths in the uterus that can lead to heavy bleeding, pelvic pain, or fertility issues. Medications, minimally invasive procedures like uterine artery embolization, and surgical removal are effective treatments.

Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID): PID is a bacterial infection that affects the reproductive organs. It is often caused by sexually transmitted infections. Antibiotics are the primary treatment and severe cases may require hospitalisation.

Ovarian cysts: Fluid-filled sacs in or on the ovaries can cause abdominal pain or bloating. Many cysts resolve on their own, but persistent or large cysts may require hormonal therapy or surgical removal.

Gynaecological infections: Conditions such as bacterial vaginosis, yeast infections and trichomoniasis can cause discomfort and abnormal discharge. These are typically treated with antifungal or antibiotic medications.

Gynaecological cancers: Cancers of the cervix, ovaries, uterus, or vulva often present with symptoms like abnormal bleeding or pelvic pain. Early detection through screenings and treatments such as surgery, chemotherapy, or radiation is crucial.

Treatments in reproductive medicine

Advancements in reproductive medicine have expanded treatment options for fertility-related and gynaecological problems. Assisted reproductive technologies (ART) like IVF and IUI, as well as minimally invasive surgeries, provide hope for many patients facing reproductive challenges.

If you are a medical professional looking to improve your expertise in reproductive medicine, StudyREPRO offers short- and long-term courses designed to improve your skills and support your career growth. Contact our team to learn more.

Authored By: Sarath